CB 1181-1988 船用柴油机喷油器安装连接尺寸
作者:标准资料网 时间:2024-05-15 05:59:21 浏览:9772
来源:标准资料网
基本信息
| 标准名称： | 船用柴油机喷油器安装连接尺寸 |
| 中标分类： |
船舶 >>
船用主辅机 >>
船用内燃机 |
| ICS分类： |
造船和海上建筑物 >>
船舶和海上建筑物综合 >>
船用发动机和推进系统
|
| 发布日期： | 1988-12-30 |
| 实施日期： | 1989-05-01 |
| 首发日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 作废日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 出版日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 页数： | 7页 |
适用范围
没有内容
前言
没有内容
目录
没有内容
引用标准
没有内容
所属分类： 船舶 船用主辅机 船用内燃机 造船和海上建筑物 船舶和海上建筑物综合 船用发动机和推进系统
基本信息
| 标准名称： | 冷冲模典型组合 导板式纵向送料典型组合 |
| 中标分类： |
|
| 发布日期： | 1994-06-01 |
| 实施日期： | 1994-06-01 |
| 首发日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 作废日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 出版日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 页数： | 6页 |
适用范围
没有内容
前言
没有内容
目录
没有内容
引用标准
没有内容
所属分类：
【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforDeterminingtheMolarMassofChitosanandChitosanSaltsbySizeExclusionChromatographywithMulti-angleLightScatteringDetection(SEC-MALS)
【原文标准名称】:用多角度光散射器尺寸筛析色谱法(SEC-MALS)测定壳聚糖和壳聚糖盐摩尔质量的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMF2602-2008e1
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2008
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:F04.42
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:Chitosansalts;Sizeexclusionchromatographywithmulti-anglelightscatteringdetection(SEC-MALS);Tissueengineeredmedicalproducts(TEMPs)
【摘要】:Thedegreeofdeacetylationofchitosan,aswellatthemolarmassandmolarmassdistribution,determinesthefunctionalityofchitosaninanapplication.Forinstance,functionalandbiologicaleffectsarehighlydependentuponthecompositionandmolarmassofthepolymer.Thistestmethoddescribesproceduresformeasurementofmolarmassofchitosanchloridesandglutamates,andchitosanbase,althoughitinprincipleappliestoanychitosansalt.Themeasuredmolarmassisthatforchitosanacetate,sincethemobilephasecontainsacetateascounterion.Thisvaluecanfurtherbeconvertedintothecorrespondingmolarmassforthechitosanasabase,ortheparentsaltform(chlorideorglutamate).Lightscatteringisoneofveryfewmethodsavailableforthedeterminationofabsolutemolarmassandstructure,anditisapplicableoverthebroadestrangeofmolarmassesofanymethod.Combininglightscatteringdetectionwithsizeexclusionchromatography(SEC),whichsortsmoleculesaccordingtosize,givestheabilitytoanalyzepolydispersesamples,aswellasobtaininginformationonbranchingandmolecularconformation.Thismeansthatboththenumber-averageandmass-averagevaluesformolarmassandsizemaybeobtainedformostsamples.Furthermore,onehastheabilitytocalculatethedistributionsofthemolarmassesandsizes.Multi-anglelaserlightscattering(MALS)isatechniquewheremeasurementsofscatteredlightaremadesimultaneouslyoverarangeofdifferentangles.MALSdetectioncanbeusedtoobtaininformationonmolecularsize,sincethisparameterisdeterminedbytheangularvariationofthescatteredlight.Molarmassmayinprinciplebedeterminedbydetectingscatteredlightatasinglelowangle(LALLS).However,advantageswithMALSascomparedtoLALLSare:(1)lessnoiseatlargerangles,(2)theprecisionofmeasurementsaregreatlyimprovedbydetectingatseveralangles,and(3)theabilitytodetectangularvariationallowsdeterminationofsize,branching,aggregation,andmolecularconformation.Sizeexclusionchromatographyusescolumns,whicharetypicallypackedwithpolymerparticlescontaininganetworkofuniformporesintowhichsoluteandsolventmoleculescandiffuse.Whileinthepores,moleculesareeffectivelytrappedandremovedfromtheflowofthemobilephase.Theaverageresidencetimeintheporesdependsuponthesizeofthesolutemolecules.Moleculesthatarelargerthantheaverageporesizeofthepackingareexcludedandexperiencevirtuallynoretention;theseareelutedfirst,inthevoidvolumeofthecolumn.Molecules,whichmaypenetratetheporeswillhavealargervolumeavailablefordiffusion,theywillsufferretentiondependingontheirmolecularsize,withthesmallermoleculeselutinglast.Forpolyelectrolytes,dialysisagainsttheelutionbufferhasbeensuggested,inordertoeliminateDonnan-typeartifactsinthemolarmassdeterminationbylightscattering(1,2).However,inthepresentmethod,thesizeexclusionchromatographystepprecedingthelightscatterdetectionisanefficientsubstituteforadialysisstep.ThesampleisseparatedonSECcolumnswithlargeexcessofelutionbufferfor30to40min,anditisthereforeinfullequilibriumwiththeelutionbufferwhenitreachestheMALSdetector.1.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofthemolarmassofchitosanandchitosansaltsintendedforuseinbiomedicalandpharmaceuticalapplicationsaswellasintissueengineeredmedicalproducts(TEMPs)bysizeexclusionchromatographywithmulti-anglelaserlightscatteringdetection(SEC-MALS).AguideforthecharacterizationofchitosansaltshasbeenpublishedasGuideF2103.1.2Chitosanandchitosansal......
【中国标准分类号】:C10
【国际标准分类号】:11_120_10
【页数】:7P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
